Smoking and its health risks:
© Tobacco smoke contains about 4800 compounds.
© The chemicals found in tobacco smoke, are harmful to both smokers and nonsmokers.
© About 69 carcinogens (Cancer producing agents) are identified in tobacco smoke.
© Tobacco smoke increases the risk of…
o Cardiovascular disease (including Myocardial infarction (Heart Attack) and sudden death)
o Cerebrovascular disease (Stroke)
o Peripheral vascular disease (Claudication, etc)
o Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
o Asthma
o Cancers at many sites, including the lung, larynx, oral cavity, esophagus, bladder, kidney, pancreas, and uterine cervix.
o Reduced Fertility
© Smoking promotes atherosclerosis of blood vessels supplying heart, brain and lower limb leading to CVD, Stroke and Claudication respectively.
© Tobacco smoke induces formation of epoxides leading to genetic mutation and cancerous production of cells.
© Carbon monoxide and Cyanide present in tobacco smoke cause chronic inflammation and narrowing of the small airways leading to pulmonary damage.
© Erectile dysfunction is occurred in tobacco smokers due to narrowing of blood vessels supplying the penis.
© Nicotine and other harmful chemicals found in tobacco smoke, interfere with estrogen production leading to disrupted ovulation and female infertility.
© Smoking during pregnancy results in to low birth weight due to intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).
© Reduced immunity is occurred due to tobacco smoke containing nicotine which increases CD4+ cell production.
© Smoking also increases the risk of chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, postmenopausal osteoporosis and fracture, peptic ulcer disease, sensorineural hearing loss, gradual loss of eyesight, cataracts, skin wrinkling, staining of teeth and gums, periodontal disease, acid taste in the mouth, sprains and fractures, headaches, sinusitis, multiple sclerosis, chronic low back pain and degenerative disk disease.
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